TOEFL Reading Practice Test #11

The correct answer is B. The passage mentions that higher-frequency sounds provide more detailed information about nearby obstacles, which is crucial in dense environments like forests.

The correct answer is C. The passage states that nose leaves help direct sound waves, indicating their role in echolocation.

The correct answer is B. The passage mentions that higher-frequency sounds provide more detailed information about nearby obstacles, which is crucial in dense environments like forests.

The correct answer is D. The passage refers to the varied uses of echolocation, indicating its flexible nature.

The correct answer is B. The passage notes that bats adjust their call frequencies in noisy urban areas, showing their adaptation.

The correct answer is A. The passage states that bats use higher-frequency calls for detailed information during prey capture.

The correct answer is C. "Detection" refers to the bat’s ability to recognize and identify objects.

The correct answer is D. The passage provides examples of social uses of echolocation but does not mention a lack of response from female bats.

The correct answers are A, E, and F. These options best summarize the main points of the passage, highlighting the variability in echolocation frequencies, anatomical adaptations, and bats’ ability to adjust their echolocation in response to environmental noise.

A) Bats emit sound waves of varying frequencies depending on their environment and prey.

• Correct. This statement captures a key point from the passage, which discusses how bats adjust their echolocation frequencies based on external conditions, particularly to reduce interference from environmental noise. The variability in frequency is central to understanding the flexibility of bat echolocation.

B) Echolocation allows bats to communicate with each other and navigate in urban environments.

• Incorrect. While bats do use echolocation for navigation, the passage does not mention communication between bats as a primary function of echolocation. The focus is on navigation and prey detection rather than social interaction.

C) Bats use lower-frequency sounds exclusively for mating displays.

• Incorrect. The passage does not discuss mating behaviors or the specific use of lower-frequency sounds for mating displays. This choice introduces an idea not covered by the text, making it irrelevant to the summary.

D) Environmental noise does not affect the echolocation abilities of bats.

• Incorrect. This statement contradicts the passage, which specifically explains how bats face acoustic interference from human-made sounds in urban areas. The adaptation of shifting frequencies is a direct response to such noise, so this option misrepresents the content.

E) The structure of a bat’s head contributes significantly to its echolocation capabilities.

• Correct. The passage emphasizes the anatomical features of bats, particularly their head structure, which plays a crucial role in the effectiveness of echolocation. This choice accurately reflects a central aspect of how bats have adapted to their environments.

F) Recent studies suggest that bats can adjust their echolocation calls to avoid acoustic interference.

• Correct. The passage discusses recent research findings that indicate bats adjust their echolocation frequencies in response to environmental noise. This flexibility is a key element of the passage, making this option an essential part of the summary.