TOEFL Reading Practice Test #3

Medusa is one of the most famous figures in Greek mythology, known for her striking transformation from a beautiful maiden to a terrifying monster. Originally, Medusa was a priestess of Athena, the goddess of wisdom and warfare. According to myth, Medusa was stunningly beautiful, with long, flowing hair that caught the eye of many. Her beauty, however, led to her downfall.

The myth tells that Poseidon, the god of the sea, was enamored by Medusa’s beauty and pursued her. In some versions of the story, he seduced her; in others, he assaulted her within the sacred temple of Athena. Regardless of the version, Athena, enraged that her temple had been desecrated, cursed Medusa. Her beautiful hair was turned into a writhing mass of venomous snakes, and her face became so horrifying that anyone who looked directly at her would be turned to stone.

Medusa’s transformation was more than just physical; it also symbolized the loss of her former life and status. Once a respected priestess, she was now a monstrous figure feared and shunned by all. Medusa retreated to a remote island, where she lived in isolation, her monstrous form ensuring that no one dared approach her.

Despite her tragic story, Medusa’s image has been widely used throughout history. In ancient times, her likeness was often carved onto shields and armor to ward off evil. Her severed head, known as the Gorgon’s head, was said to have retained its petrifying power even after her death. Perseus, the Greek hero, famously used Medusa’s head to defeat enemies and protect himself on his many adventures.

Over time, Medusa has become a symbol of female rage and power. While traditionally portrayed as a monster, modern interpretations have reimagined her as a figure of strength, resilience, and revenge against the injustices done to her. Medusa’s story has been retold in literature, art, and popular culture, reflecting the evolving views on her myth and its meaning.

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